Okay, now before we get started let me just say that this is not my idea. So let’s try to avoid the whole “you stole this from Instructables” thing, alright? Besides, the Instructable I based this on wasn’t done by the inventor of the Earth Box (to my knowledge), so it’s not entirely his idea either. We’re all standing on the shoulders of other men.
Anyway, for those of you who don’t know, an Earth Box is a really cool way to grow plants in dirt without a lot of mess and fuss. It’s basically like wick hydroponics, except you use dirt (both as the wick and the growing medium). The bottom of the container is divided off and filled with water. One or more columns of dirt are extended down to the bottom of this to absorb water and transport it up to the rest of the container, which is filled with dirt. Plants go up top, and a cover of some kind is generally put on with holes only for the desired plants so that bugs and weeds are discouraged. Finally, a fill pipe goes from the top down to the bottom so that water can be fed directly into the reservoir rather than through the dirt.
It’s a nice self-contained and simple to use system. You can’t overwater and the only way to underwater is to let the reservoir go dry. Another advantage the cover gives is it reduces water loss from evaporation so you grow plants using less water. It’s just a nice solution in many ways.
Now the guys who make the original – which is definitely a very nice product and I’m not suggesting anything else – just don’t make one big enough for my taste. So I saw the Instructable on how to make a bigger one and I liked the idea. Since this was right around Mother’s Day and my mom likes gardening, I decided to make one for her.
For starters, this is a lot cheaper than a commercial Earth Box and offers a lot more root space and growing surface. My mom wanted tomato plants, so we’re not exactly using this particular box’s full potential, but for my money the big feature is the much larger water capacity.
Quick word of warning – the finished product is enormously heavy.
I can’t stress this enough. I didn’t weigh it or anything, but it is significantly heavier than it looks. There is no smart reason to try to lift it yourself. Get help or simply drag it (and even then be cautious. Back injuries suck.) Even better, fill it wherever you want it to be so you don’t have to move it at all.
You can listen to my advice or not – whichever you prefer. Just don’t come crying to me if you give yourself a hernia.
Let’s get to it. You’ll need:
- 2 Rubbermaid bins (I use 18gal size). $4.50 at Walmart (Don’t use clear “sterilite” type, it’s a PITA to drill or cut.) You only need 1 lid, but the lids come with them so you might as well get two and use the other for a TV tray or something. I’m thinking of building a laptop docking station out of mine (rather than buying one for $250 from HP, the robbers.)
- Something roughly 1/3rd the height of the bins that can be used as a dirt column. I used a couple ziploc cup things seen below. $2.50 at Walmart. (There are much cheaper alternatives, I was just frustrated and in a hurry and didn’t care about saving a dollar or two.)
- PVC pipe or similar, taller than your bin. I got 2 feet so it was easier to reach without bending over as much. $2 at hardware store. (Have them cut one end crooked.)
- Dirt. If you have good dirt use that. If not, buy some. Get good stuff.
- Fertilizer. Whatever you like, I used coffee grounds from Starbucks – it’s free.
- Plants.
Optional:
- Cap for PVC pipe. Not sure how much this was, the cashier forgot to ring it up so I got mine for free. Oops.
- Pantyhose. Probably not even all that helpful, honestly. I just had the idea and decided to try it out. Used an old pair my wife didn’t need. Asked her first to avoid long-term couch-surfing.
- Trellis. If you’re going to grow something that gets tall and needs support, a trellis is a good idea. The one I got didn’t have a price tag on it and to be honest, I didn’t pay attention to the total at the register. They’re cheap. (like a dollar or something).
Tools:
- Box cutter. Not the ideal choice for cutting a rubbermaid, but it works. A small electric saw would probably work better and be safer, but a knife works. Just don’t stab yourself *cough* like I did *cough*. Oh, and don’t do something dumber than me, like use a circular saw or chainsaw or something.
- Power drill. There’s other options here too. Like above, be smart. No guns.
- Measuring tape. Though for this you could just as easily use a piece of paper and mark it at the length you need. It’s not actually important to know how long anything is, only how long it is compared to other things.
- Marker. Sharpie, grease pencil, whatever works.
So assuming you build it the way I did and you’ve already got your tools, the whole thing should set you back about $16-18 plus the cost of dirt, plants, etc.
Assembly
Now for the fun part. Pick out a spot with enough room and gather up all your stuff.

Bins, cups, measuring tape, check.

PVC pipe and cap, check

Old pantyhose, check.

“Trusty” thumb stabber. Check.

Power drill, check. Other supplies not photographed individually. Sue me.
So let’s have a look at the cups. These are just some ordinary food storage containers I found.

They come with screw-on lids.

We don’t need these. I set them aside, I’ll probably find a use for them on some other project.

Measure a cup from UNDER the lip to the bottom. You can use something else if you like, it just needs to have a lip around the top. Remember this measurement. Alternately, get a piece of paper and mark it with at the length of the cup.

Now measure from the bottom of one of your Rubbermaid bins and mark slightly more than the length of the cup. This isn’t rocket science, you just want it a tad taller than the cup (say 1/4th inch or so). Make marks all the way around the bin. Now the astute observers will notice these bins are made by Sterilite and I said not to get that type. This is the softer, rubbery type of plastic common to Rubbermaid and it can be cut cleanly. The clear, hard plastic more commonly associated with Sterilite won’t cut, it just breaks.

Connect the dots. I never realized just what a pain it is to operate a digital camera left-handed until I took this picture. In case you’re wondering, I’m using the cardboard backing off a long airstone package to draw the straight lines. (It’s from a DWC project I’m building as well.)

It should look something like this. Now for the dangerous part – cutting along the line. I know they all say “always cut away from you, never towards you”. It’s good advice. I don’t follow it, but it’s good advice. I advise you to follow that advice. Here’s why:

I’m an idiot, but I’m a lucky idiot and this wasn’t too bad. I’ve done much, much worse before. Like I said, don’t do this. It hurts. (And if you think this is annoying, wait ’til my wife reads this and realizes that I was, at one point in time, bleeding.)
Anyway, assuming you don’t stab yourself and bleed out before the paramedics arrive, it should end up looking basically like this:

We don’t need the top part, so you can do whatever you want with it. We also don’t need to photograph our toes to further illustrate our flagrant disregard of basic safety protocols concerning shoes, knives, and power tools, but we do that anyway. ‘Cause we’re rebels. Yeah.
Grab the bottom and flip it over so it looks like this:

See the two little dimples mine have? I decided to use those as reference points for my holes.

Put the cup where you want it and trace the diameter. Do the same on the other side. (Make it vaguely evenly spaced.) Again, not rocket science.

Something like that. Make sure that your circles are smaller around than the lip on your container, or that if they aren’t that you don’t cut all the way out to them. It’s “don’t stab yourself” time again, but this is a little easier since you’re dealing with a hole in a smaller bit of bin. Still, don’t stab yourself.




Okay, here you see the progression of opening the hole. First, just cut a rough opening and don’t worry about getting close to the lines. Next, open it up a little and cut radial cuts out from the hole to the line. Then carefully cut nearly to the the line around, connecting the radial cuts and removing those bits. Finally, check your fit. Above, you can see it’s still a little too tight. So we’ll open it out a bit more.

Doesn’t have to be perfect. Below you can see we’ve got a decent fit.

Just do the same on the other side.
Now get out your drill and stab a bunch of holes in both of your cups. If they’re like mine and made of a really stiff plastic, make sure you don’t push hard (ie at all) or you’ll crack it. The cracks aren’t a problem unless they start connecting together and making big holes.

Here you can see where some of the holes are cracked a bit, but not too bad. You don’t need a lot of holes, just enough that the cup is really, really bad at holding water. Clean up all the little bits stuck to the cups, then check your fit again. No reason, it’s just fun.

You can see here on the right that I pushed too hard and stabbed a big hole in that cup. Not what you want to do, but it’s not the end of the world – especially if you’re playing along with the next step.

Cut the two legs of a pair of pantyhose to about twice the length of the cups.

Then dress your cups so that the “socks” are on the inside with the tops wrapped around the outside.
Pop them into place – you’ll probably have to make sure the hose don’t “ride up” when you do.


Here you see top and bottom views.
Now grab your PVC pipe and use it to trace a hole at one corner of this piece and the lid (precision not vital, but scroll down to see how it all fits so you get the holes basically aligned. Close is close enough.)


and the lid…

More stabby work.
Assemble as below.


Now take your assembled “thing” (the reservoir) and jam it down into the bottom of the other bin. It won’t want to go, but just keep insisting and you should win out. The edges will bow inward but that’s okay.
Note: make sure that the angled “uneven cut” end of the pipe is down. It doesn’t have to be steeply angled or anything, just not flat enough to form much of a seal at the bottom. You want water to flow out easily.

Should look something like this, except my foot won’t be there if you’re building it. (Still barefoot, still a rebel. Yeah.)
Cut some holes in the lid for your plants (I borrowed the PVC again for that). Now test your complete assembly.

Looks good. Ready to move it to where it’s going to live and pack it full of dirt.

Now for this box it’s going to live outdoors (they work best outdoors, no worries about leaking) but it was raining and I didn’t want to do this in the rain, so I did it in my mom’s dining room right next to the back door. If you’re going to do this over carpet, make sure you’re not going to get in trouble for dirt in the carpet. Or (more responsibly) just clean up afterwards so no one knows/cares.
Above you can see the cups packed full of mud. Just take your dirt, mix in some fertilizer and water, and pack it in pretty tight. Don’t get crazy, but make sure there aren’t any air pockets or empty space.
Just keep filling it from there. If your dirt is really dry and fluffy, wet it down a bit so that it’s as dense as it’s likely to get when moist. You don’t want the dirt to compact as water is introduced later, which would cause your plants to “sink” down away from the lid. A little of that will probably happen, but you want to avoid it as much as you can.
Quick note on soil/dirt:
A lot of gardeners, farmers, etc love to get persnickety about the difference between “dirt” and “soil”, with the latter being superior. I use the terms interchangeably. Do not simply dig up some dirt from your backyard unless you’re absolutely certain it’s good soil and isn’t packed full of unwanted bugs and nasties. At the same time, don’t go get some sterilized soil either. Plants like company and the normal beneficial fungi and bacteria in soil are vital to healthy plants. I got my soil from a family member who grew up on a farm and hasn’t grown grass in his back yard in 50+ years. (His entire back yard is a vegetable and flower garden. He has arguably the best soil in 100 miles and 3 compost piles to keep it in tip-top shape.)

Here you can see the bin nearly full. Check the fit of the lid from time to time to make sure you’re not packing the dirt around your pipe wrong (you could make it fit badly later, just check to save yourself the trouble). On the left you can see the blue rubbermaid the dirt came out of and below is the bag of “Grounds for your Garden” from Starbucks.
You can see here that this isn’t store-bought dirt. It’s packed full of vegetable matter and even a few sprouts of some kind. Doesn’t really matter, since only the tomato plants will have holes allowing them to reach the light. The living organisms in the soil will break the other stuff down into food for the plants.
Mix in your fertilizer as you go. Some people recommend a layer on top, you can do that if you like, but I didn’t. If my mom’s plants need any help I’ll mix up some hydroponics nutrients for her to add to the reservoir or I’ll go over and foliar feed them for her. I always prefer to err on the side of not enough fertilizer since it’s infinitely easier to feed more than to unfeed.
Once your box is full:
Put the lid on and then stick something down into the dirt through the holes. I used steak knives because that’s what was handy. Then take the lid off and plant your stuff where the knifes (pencils, sticks, whatever) are. You can start from seed if you like, or use small plants. You can’t use big ones. Trust me.
You can try and use big ones if you like, but you’re not going to be able to feed them up through the holes without seriously molesting them and then they’ll be grumpy with you for a week or so. Just use small plants, it’s easier (and cheaper). Get them planted and make sure your dirt is topped off, then very carefully lower the lid and gently coax the plants up through the holes. It’s probably a good idea to give them a little water beforehand, but not vital.
Once it’s all closed up, drag it to it’s new home (if it’s not there already) and drill your drain holes.
Hah! Bet you thought I forgot that part!
Actually I almost did when I was building it but then I realized this was actually a good thing. It’s a lot easier to drill them after the bin is filled since you don’t have to worry about dirt coming out the holes while you’re filling.

Here you can see me filling the bin from the hose. It holds a LOT of water, which is why I got a PVC pipe big enough I could just stick the hose in it. All that water on the top and sides is from rain – this is why I didn’t do the work outside. You want to drill your drain holes at roughly the same level as the top of the reservoir. Better a little low than a little high.

Here you can see the drain holes I made. You can do them all the way around, but it’s really unnecessary. They don’t need to be very large, either. Mine aren’t even quite the same height. Just fill until you see water come out, then stop. You can’t overwater because it just comes out when it’s full. I didn’t measure it, but I’d say this holds at least 5 gallons of water.
If you thought it was heavy before, it’s even heavier now.
Optional Features:
As you can see above, I put a trellis on this Earth Box because it’s growing tomatoes. I simply drilled three holes in the top for the legs, then stabbed them down into the dirt. It’s not rock-solid, but if it needs to be steadied further I’ll just drill a hole at each corner lip of the lid and tie some twine from the top to the corners to steady it.
I also added a bit of “weed mat” my mom had left over from a rock garden to the top, stabbing the legs of the trellis through that as well. This was to make it even harder for bugs or weeds to get into the soil and cause problems. If you do this go ahead and duct tape the edges down – I had to do that later because the wind had it flapping around and bothering the plants.
Finally, I put a cap on top of the fill pipe.

This is a picture of a test fit before I went to my mom’s house. The objective here is just to keep stuff out of the reservoir. Realistically there isn’t much concern about that kind of thing, but I figured that it’d be easier to just deny access than to try to get something out if it went in.
But if some leaves or rain or whatever went down the pipe it wouldn’t be a big problem.
That’s it.
Like I said, this is based off an Instructable I linked at the top of the page. I modified it slightly but it’s not really “my idea”.
I’ll probably update this with some more pictures later on to show how the plants are doing.